Introduction
Piran Viseh, often called simply Piran, is the noble and wise vizier of King Afrasiyab of Turan, remembered in the Shahnameh as one of its most morally admirable figures despite serving on the "enemy" side of the Iran-Turan conflict, for his consistent protection of the vulnerable and innocent even against his own king's wishes.
Protecting Siyavash
When Siyavash first arrived in Turan seeking refuge, it was Piran who welcomed him warmly and helped arrange his marriage to Afrasiyab's daughter Farangis, genuinely valuing the young prince's character and hoping for lasting peace between Iran and Turan through the match.
Opposing the execution
When Garsiwaz's scheming turned Afrasiyab against Siyavash, Piran argued strongly against the king's decision to execute him, recognising the injustice and the terrible consequences it would bring, though he was ultimately unable to prevent it.
Protecting Farangis and Kay Khosrow
After Siyavash's death, Piran continued to protect Farangis and her infant son Kay Khosrow within Turan for years, shielding them from Afrasiyab's suspicion and ensuring the child's safety until he could eventually be rescued and brought to Iran by Giv.
A tragic death
Despite his years of quiet decency, Piran's loyalty ultimately remained with Turan, and he was killed fighting for his king against the very Iranian heroes, including the grown Kay Khosrow, whom he had once protected, a death the Shahnameh treats with unusual sympathy and sorrow for a figure on the "losing" side of its central conflict.