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Laban

The son of Bethuel and brother of Rebekah, whose household in Paddan-aram becomes the setting for Jacob's twenty years of labour, marriages to Leah and Rachel, and eventual departure.

Accounts of this vary across texts and traditions. This entry primarily follows Hebrew Bible (Genesis), with other tellings (Masoretic Text (Hebrew Bible), Septuagint (Greek translation), Jewish and Christian rabbinic and patristic tradition) noted where relevant.

Relationships

Parents
Bethuel
Siblings
Rebekah
Children
Leah · Rachel

Introduction

Laban is a son of Bethuel, brother of Rebekah, and father of Leah and Rachel, whose household in Paddan-aram (or Aram-Naharaim) is where Jacob takes refuge after fleeing Esau's anger, and where he labours for fourteen years to marry both of Laban's daughters, followed by further years working for and eventually contending with Laban over flocks and wages.

Family

Hosting Jacob

When Jacob arrived at Laban's household seeking refuge and a wife from his mother's own kindred, Laban welcomed him and agreed to let him work seven years for Rachel, the younger of his two daughters, whom Jacob loved.

The deception and Jacob's marriages

On the wedding night, Laban substituted his elder daughter Leah for Rachel, explaining afterward, when Jacob discovered the deception, that local custom required the elder daughter to be married first; Jacob agreed to work a further seven years for Rachel as well, marrying her a week after Leah.

Conflict over wages and flocks

After the birth of Jacob's children, tension grew between Jacob and Laban over wages and the division of flocks, with Laban repeatedly changing the agreed terms, according to Jacob's own later account, though Jacob's flocks nonetheless grew substantially through his own breeding methods, which the text presents as divinely favoured.

Jacob's departure and reconciliation

When Jacob eventually left Laban's household secretly with his wives, children and flocks, Laban pursued him, and the two men, after Laban searched unsuccessfully for household idols his daughter Rachel had secretly taken, reached a formal covenant and boundary marker (Genesis 31), after which they parted ways, Laban returning to his own territory and Jacob continuing toward Canaan.

Sources

  1. Genesis 29 (primary text) — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+29&version=NRSVUE
  2. Genesis 31 (primary text) — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+31&version=NRSVUE
  3. Genesis 30:25-43 (primary text) — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+30%3A25-43&version=NRSVUE

This entry is independently written for myVamsam using the sources listed above. Where traditions differ, this entry identifies the relevant tradition rather than presenting one account as universally established fact.